Citadel: Enclaves with Strong Microarchitectural Isolation and Secure Shared Memory on a Speculative Out-of-Order Processor
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We present Citadel, to our knowledge, the first enclave platform with strong microarchitectural isolation to run realistic secure programs on a speculative out-of-order multicore processor. First, we develop a new hardware mechanism to enable secure shared memory while defending against transient execution attacks by blocking speculative accesses to shared memory. Then, we develop an efficient dynamic cache partitioning scheme, improving both enclaves' and unprotected processes' performance. We conduct an in-depth security analysis and a performance evaluation of our new mechanisms. Finally, we build the hardware and software infrastructure required to run our secure enclaves. Our multicore processor runs on an FPGA and boots untrusted Linux from which users can securely launch and interact with enclaves. We open-source our end-to-end hardware and software infrastructure, hoping to spark more research and bridge the gap between conceptual proposals and FPGA prototypes.
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