Deep Learning Ensembles for Melanoma Recognition in Dermoscopy Images
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Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer. While curable with early detection, only highly trained specialists are capable of accurately recognizing the disease. As expertise is in limited supply, automated systems capable of identifying disease could save lives, reduce unnecessary biopsies, and reduce costs. Toward this goal, we propose a system that combines recent developments in deep learning with established machine learning approaches, creating ensembles of methods that are capable of segmenting skin lesions, as well as analyzing the detected area and surrounding tissue for melanoma detection. The system is evaluated using the largest publicly available benchmark dataset of dermoscopic images, containing 900 training and 379 testing images. New state-of-the-art performance levels are demonstrated, leading to an improvement in the area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 7.5 and in specificity measured at the clinically relevant 95 operating point 2.9 times higher than the previous state-of-the-art (36.8 specificity compared to 12.5 dermatologists on a subset of 100 test images, the proposed system produces a higher accuracy (76 equivalent sensitivity (82
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