E-unification for Second-Order Abstract Syntax
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Higher-order unification (HOU) concerns unification of (extensions of) λ-calculus and can be seen as an instance of equational unification (E-unification) modulo βη-equivalence of λ-terms. We study equational unification of terms in languages with arbitrary variable binding constructions modulo arbitrary second-order equational theories. Abstract syntax with general variable binding and parametrised metavariables allows us to work with arbitrary binders without committing to λ-calculus or use inconvenient and error-prone term encodings, leading to a more flexible framework. In this paper, we introduce E-unification for second-order abstract syntax and describe a unification procedure for such problems, merging ideas from both full HOU and general E-unification. We prove that the procedure is sound and complete.
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