Multi-factor Physical Layer Security Authentication in Short Blocklength Communication
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Lightweight and low latency security mechanisms are becoming increasingly important for a wide range of Internet of things (IoT) applications. Promising schemes from the physical layer include (i) physical unclonable functions (PUFs), (ii) localization based authentication, and, (iii) secret key generation (SKG) from wireless fading coefficients. In this paper, we focus on short blocklengths and propose a complete, fast, multi-factor authentication protocol that uniquely combines PUFs, proximity estimation and SKG. To demonstrate the performance of the SKG scheme in the short blocklength (with a focus on delay constrained applications), we provide a numerical comparison of three families of channel codes, including low density parity check codes (LDPC), Bose Chaudhuri Hocquenghem (BCH), and, Polar codes. The SKG keys are incorporated in a zero-round-trip-time resumption protocol for fast re-authentication. All schemes of the proposed mutual authentication protocol are shown to be secure through formal proofs using Burrows, Abadi and Needham (BAN) and Mao and Boyd (MB) logic as well as the Tamarin-prover.
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