Trends in hospitalised mortality risk and lengths of stay during the first, second and current waves of COVID-19 in England: a cohort study
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Widespread vaccination campaigns have changed the landscape for COVID-19, vastly altering symptoms and reducing morbidity and mortality. We estimate monthly trends in mortality and the impact of vaccination among patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in England, controlling for baseline demographics and hospital load. Among 259,727 hospitalised individuals, 51,948 (20.0 in hospital. Hospitalised fatality risk ranged from 40.3 interval 39.4-41.3 patients and those with multiple co-morbidities were more likely to die or else experienced longer stays prior to discharge. Compared to unvaccinated patients, the hazard ratio for mortality following hospital admission was 0.72 (0.67-0.77) with a first vaccine dose, and 0.58 (0.54-0.62) with a second vaccine dose. The prognosis for patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in England has varied substantially throughout the pandemic and is influenced by baseline demographic factors, vaccination status, and hospital load at admission.
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