![](https://images.deepai.org/author-profile/c-lee-giles-thumb-5148.jpg)
C. Lee Giles
Cocreator of the popular academic search engines: CiteSeer, now CiteSeerX. He also codeveloped other specialty search engines such as ChemXSeer for chemistry; BotSeer for robots.txt; CollabSeer for collaboration search, ArchSeer for archaeology; Refseer for citations, AckSeer for acknowledgements, and BizSeer for academic business. He also published proposed several deep learning recurrent architectures.